液压缸截面图

什么是液压缸?

By Momentum |
什么是液压缸

您是否只是想知道“什么是液压缸??或寻找了解 液压缸部件 以及它们是如何工作的，或者可能正在考虑 液压缸修理 或者一个 液压缸改造，了解这些买足球app推荐的基本知识是必不可少的. In this definitive guide to hydraulic cylinders we cover some of the most common questions typically asked about these cylinders.

什么是液压执行器?

液压缸, 或者液压执行器, 广泛应用于几个行业, 包括制造业, 建设, 土木工程及航空. These cylinders generate mechanical force in a linear motion f或者一个 variety of applications. 它们通常用于压制, 拉, 用力的:需要特别的力量来推动或举起某物.

If you’ve ever used a hydraulic jack to raise your vehicle or operated a forklift, 你用的是液压缸.

液压执行器是如何工作的?

Hydraulic actuators operate on the basis of Pascal’s Principle of fluid mechanics. 在17世纪th 世纪, Blaise Pascal discovered that any change in pressure in hydraulic fluid results in the equal distribution of energy in every direction in the fluid chamber. This means that if you have two pistons in one container 和 应用 X amount of pressure on one piston, 等量的压力作用于第二个活塞.

Pascal also discovered that the pressure in a fluid chamber equals the force applied divided by the area of the chamber. 这个公式P=F/A是世界范围内工业机械的基础. For example, take two pistons in a fluid chamber where pressure is applied to the first cylinder. 如果这个面积是第一个面积的5倍, 作用在第二个圆柱体上的力是它的五倍.

液压缸部件

液压缸制造商 能制造各种尺寸的圆柱体吗. From micro-hydraulic cylinders weighing a few ounces to massive industrial cylinders used with excavating shovels, 液压执行器一般包含相同的基本部件:

  • 活塞: The piston rod extends through the head of the cylinder 和 utilizes the forces of the hydraulic fluid to retract or extend. Seals are placed around the piston to maintain the correct pressure in the barrel.
  • 缸筒桶是由一根无缝钢管构成的，里面装着圆筒. 桶的固体结构保持压力并防止泄漏.
  • 买足球app推荐头缸盖是活塞收缩和伸展的买足球app推荐部分. When the piston extends, the other end of the barrel is closed off to maintain pressure. The head contains the bearings 和 seals that align the piston 和 keep the cylinder sealed.
  • 汽缸基地: The barrel is enclosed at the cylinder base 和 sealed tight to prevent fluid leaks. 使用买足球app推荐的设备安装在底座上.
  • 垫片、密封件及其他部件: The seals 和 gaskets in a hydraulic actuat或者一个re dynamic components that must withst和 extreme pressures 和 temperatures without failing. 这些封条是由不同的材料制成的, 包括聚四氟乙烯, 聚氨酯, 氟碳, 金属和丁腈橡胶. 有些材料，如橡胶，适合低温操作, 但是对于高温工作, 密封件是氟碳的.

液压缸与气动缸

While hydraulic cylinders use incompressible fluid (typically mineral oil) to generate linear motion, a pneumatic cylinder relies on compressed air powered by a compressor or h和 pump to create linear motion. 尽管这两种类型的买足球app推荐在世界各地都在使用, 每种类型都有其优点和缺点.

液压缸优点

The horsepower-to-weight ratio of a hydraulic cylinder is superior to that of a pneumatic cylinder, 液压系统每磅增加一到两马力. 当涉及到权力时, a hydraulic cylinder can create a mechanical force that is 25 times more powerful than a pneumatic cylinder with the exact dimensions.

不像气动买足球app推荐，最大可达250 psi, 一个顶级的液压泵可以产生4000 psi的压力. 因为液压油是不可压缩的, hydraulic cylinders do not need additional fluid added to maintain constant force 和 torque. Even if the hydraulic pump 和 mot或者一个re located a significant distance from the operation, 它们可以有效地工作而不会有明显的功率损失.

液压缸缺点

液压缸 are more complex than pneumatic 模型 和 require several additional components, 包括释放阀, 泵, 汽车, 储热器和热交换器. One of the cylinder’s most significant disadvantages is its propensity to leak fluid. Unlike a pneumatic cylinder, a leaking hydraulic cylinder can contaminate other components.

气动买足球app推荐优点

气压缸远没有液压缸复杂, 但它们在创造线性运动方面非常精确. Pneumatic actuators excel at operating in extreme temperatures 和 typically work within a range of -40°F to 250°F. 在极端条件下, pneumatics pose less of a fire hazard or explosion risk due to their reliance on compressed air that does not require a motor to operate. Compared to hydraulic cylinders, pneumatics are less expensive to purchase 和 operate.

气动缸

不像液压系统，可以使用多种应用, pneumatic actuators are machined for one task unless valves 和 regulators are added to modify the cylinder. 虽然压缩空气很便宜，而且随处可见, 当被油或润滑剂污染时，会损坏设备. Pneumatic cylinders are also less efficient because the compressor must constantly run even if the cylinder isn’t moving.

液压缸的类型

有许多类型的 出售液压缸，这是最常见的四种:

单作用买足球app推荐

单作用液压缸 produce power when hydraulic fluid enters a single port 和 flows into the cylinder 和 causes the cylinder to retract. 也称为推缸, they feature a single-acting piston that moves in one direction 和 requires a motor or spring to reset its position.

双作用买足球app推荐

In 双作用液压缸 模型, 流体进入一个端口并从另一个端口流出, 迫使买足球app推荐收缩和伸展. With two pressurized chambers, double-acting pistons do not require a spring or motor to operate.

伸缩买足球app推荐

In heavy equipment like cranes, telescopic cylinders utilize a series of single-acting cylinders. 当一个圆柱体收缩时，它将力传递给下一个圆柱体.

串联买足球app推荐

两个独立的桶由活塞杆连接, the t和em cylinder design achieves a significant degree of force in a small area. 串联买足球app推荐可以分阶段组合以提供更大的动力.

如何选择液压执行器

确定应用后，需要一个液压直线执行器, 在选择理想的执行机构之前，必须考虑几个因素. The planning 和 design process is vital for operating an efficient hydraulic operation, 这一过程的主要要素包括:

  • 计算质量: The mass of the object being lifted by hydraulics affects the size 和 durability of the cylinders.
  • 确定所涉及的物理: Are hydraulics needed f或者一个 simple pressing operation, or does it involve more complex movements?
  • 计算孔径: Larger barrels can accommodate applications that require significant force 和 torque.
  • 棒材尺寸的选择: 买足球app推荐行程的长度, the bearing load 和 the rod buckling strength can help determine the appropriate rod size. 如果标准汽缸不能与缸径配合使用, 定制买足球app推荐可以制造理想的配合.
  • 检查缓冲选项: 如果液压应用要求买足球app推荐杆高速移动, 缓冲可以在任何一个买足球app推荐端使用，以减轻冲击.

液压直线执行器的用途是什么?

Hydraulic linear actuators are used in countless applications in every corner of the globe. Compared to other actuators, hydraulic cylinders are more efficient, powerful 和 durable. 在移动设备行业, 液压系统专门用于挖掘机, 推土机, 自卸卡车, 平地机和装载机.

制造工厂依靠液压执行器来操作锻压机, 注塑机, 压实机和其他重型设备.

单作用液压缸vs双作用液压缸

Hydraulic equipment 和 machines utilize single-acting 和 double-acting cylinders, 每种类型都有其优点. 单作用买足球app推荐 are simpler 和 easier to maintain than double-acting cylinders. 然而, 加压室里有更多的液体, 双作用致动器更易于操作人员控制.

液压缸供应商

作为领先的液压缸供应商超过50年, we provide our clients a wide range of cylinders 和 repair any br和 or style of cylinder. 以下是我们提供的一些液压直线买足球app推荐:

还有大量的汽缸, 我们也可以设计和建造一个定制的圆柱体，满足您的需求.